Job Prospects for ESL Teachers in the U.S.

If youve ever thought about changing professions to become an ESL teacher, now is the time. Increasing demand for ESL teachers has created a multitude of ESL job opportunities in the US. These ESL jobs are being offered by states which are offering a number of job training opportunities for those not already qualified to teach ESL. There are two principle types of ESL jobs that are in demand; positions which require bilingual teachers (Spanish and English) to teach bilingual classes, and ESL positions for English-only classes for speakers who have a limited ability in English (LEP: limited English proficiency). Recently, the industry has moved away from speaking about ESL and has turned to ELL (English language learners) as the preferred acronym.   ESL Job Demand Facts Here are some statistics that point to the great need: According to the  National Center for Education Statistcs, In school year, 27 percent of all schools with bilingual/ESL teaching vacancies found them very difficult or impossible to fill, more than for many other teaching fields. Since this report, the number of ESL job vacancies has grown rapidly.From the same report: As the number of children with difficulty speaking English has increased (from 1.25 million in 1979 to 2.44 million in 1995), so has the burden on school systems to recruit teachers with the skills necessary to teach these classes. The difficulty schools have in filling such positions is one indication of whether the supply of bilingual and ESL teachers is adequate to meet the demand.The number of LEP speakers grew 104.7%, from 2,154,781 in 1989 to 4,416,580 in 2000 according to a survey performed by the National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition. Now for the good news: As a means of meeting the ESL job demand a number of special programs have been implemented around the United States for non-certified teachers. These programs provide an excellent means for teachers who have not taught in the State education system to take advantage of these opportunities. Even more exciting, it provides an opportunity for those from a wide variety of backgrounds to become ESL teachers. Some of these even provide a financial bonus (for example a bonus of up to $20,000 in Massachusetts) for joining their programs! Teachers are needed throughout the country, but principally in large urban centers with high immigrant populations.   Education Required In the U.S., the minimum requirement for programs is a bachelors degree and some sort of ESL qualification. Depending on the school, the qualification required might be as simple as a months certificate such as the CELTA (Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages). The CELTA is accepted around the world. However, there are other institutions that provide training online and in weekend courses. If youd like to teach in a community college or at a university, youll need at least a masters degree preferably with a specialization with ESL.   For those who would like to teach in public schools (where demand is growing), states require additional certification with different requirements for each state. Its best to look into the certification requirements in the state in which you would like to work.   Business English or English for Special Purposes teachers are in high demand outside of the country and are often hired by individual firms to teach staff.  Unfortunately, in the United States, private companies rarely hire in-house teachers.   Pay Despite the need for quality ESL programs, pay remains rather low except at larger accredited institutions such as universities. You can find out about average salaries in each state. Generally speaking, universities pay best followed by public school programs. Private institutions can vary widely from near minimum-wage to much better-paid positions.   To meet the growing demand for ESL teachers, a number of websites have created invaluable resources for the recruitment of teachers. This guide provides some tips on becoming an ESL teacher. Other opportunities are open to those who are in mid-career  or do not have the exact teacher certification required by any individual state for ESL jobs in the public school system. For more information on teaching ESL in the United States, TESOL is the leading association and provides a great deal of information.

What is the Midpoint Formula

Improving The Organizations Culture Assessment Of The...

Many issues and problems emerge in organizations that require action to be taken by either individuals or an authoritative figure to address problems that prohibit maximizing productivity. Because numerous decisions are made on any given day in an attempt for a school or organization to operate as smoothly as possible, there is required effort and energy to constantly monitor an organization’s culture. A problematic situation in my current organization that is rooted in employee motivation and attitudes is the lack of satisfaction group members consistently feel. A year ago, the organization participated in a culture assessment that was conducted by the Kentucky School Boards Association (KSBA). This audit was ordered by our executive†¦show more content†¦Therefore, coaches and consultants felt that they were constantly behind in their work to implement strategies in schools that would help instructional practices and learning. Directors and supervisors began to see a decrease in their staff’s motivation in their productivity, intensity and duration. According to Jex and Britt (2008), motivation has an impact in influencing work performance and behavior and is considered a key factor for any organization to understand. In this problem defined, decision making led to a negative effect as employees started to communicate their displeasure to supervisors and to one another. The disapproval and lack of buy-in into new ideas from leaders developed divisions within the organization. The executive director was quite aware of the impact his decisions were making and personally accepted responsibility for this set of unique circumstances. Though, there was no immediate action that could remedy the situation until the end of the fiscal year. Privately, he discussed his personal frustration to me in regard to past decisions that eventually led staff to be unhappy and ultimately hindered the culture. A special session among board of directors and sup erintendents was called to review the culture assessment results and initiate brainstorming ideas to address issues and concerns. This was a hardship for the executive

A Managerial Approach to Marketing Free Essays

The product that I will be proposing in the meeting will be a video game called FaDream. FaDream’s platform will be connected to the FaDream Game Portal. This website will have a collection of downloadable games for the users. We will write a custom essay sample on A Managerial Approach to Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The users of FaDream will have to get the membership to the FaDream Game Portal in order to gain access to numerous games of all sorts. They will be charged with membership fees every month in order to stay connected. Besides this they will have to get a platform with remotes, virtual gaming equipment, etc. There have been video games in the past but what makes this one different from the rest is that this video game will only work once it is connected to the internet. It will be linked to a website called www.FaDream.com/gameportal which will have a collection of downloadable games. People might argue that such technology is nothing new because of the online games present on the internet through the computer. FaDream cannot be compared with online gaming because the experience that the players will get with FaDream will be unmatched. What makes this product new is the quality, availability and variety of games present at all times. There will be no more hassle of buying expensive CDs from the store and taking care of them. There will be no more hassle of repairing the sensitive lens in the video game platform. All the users will need is the platform and an internet connection. The technology will be successful because of widespread use of internet already all over the world. Another factor which makes this different from everything else in the market is the affordability. FaDream will be Entertainment with Affordibiltiy. The price of the platform will be a fraction of what is paid for other video games in the market and this is what makes this product is feasible. To be more precise the price range of the platform will fall within $80 to $90 and besides this the membership fees will be approximately $7 per month. This is all about the product and price of FaDream. This project will be joint venture with XYZ Company which already has a name in the market in order to gain confidence of its audience. The target audience that we will be satisfying with this technology will be middle class males and females within the age range of 8 to 30 years. The age range is so large because of the variety of games available on the FaDream portal. It has games for every gender and age. It will be advertised in magazines all over the world. Other mediums of advertisement that will be used will be the internet and television. The logo which will be used for advertisement will be Entertainment with Affordability. After an intense advertisement campaign which will inform the audience about the product, FaDream will be launched worldwide. After this launch, the advertising strategy will be changed and the advertisements will become persuasive. Once the audience has knowledge about the product, they will have to be convinced that they need to have it with them. In conclusion, this product is totally new in the market and this is its strength but we must not forget that the market has been taken over by very strong competition. Getting people to recognize FaDream from among every other video game will be a threat and a challenge. We must ensure that the marketing strategy that will be employed by us must have no limitations because a good marketing strategy will be our only opportunity. Â   How to cite A Managerial Approach to Marketing, Essays

An Inquiry Into Hamlets Madness Essay Example For Students

An Inquiry Into Hamlets Madness Essay In the event of examining the nature of Hamlets madness,we will need to probe into Hamlets state of mind at different periods and circumstances in the play. Hamlet can be seen to be and not to be mad by different people at different stages. From one perspective, Hamlet can be seen to be mad when Ophelia goes to her father and gives a description of Hamlets disposition when he goes to see her, also when he goes to see his mother in her closet as can be seen in his tone of voice and his murder of Polonius and his lack of repentance for his death. also, his psychological trauma and emotional depression at the begining of the play may have plunged him into emotional insanity, and lastly his encounter with Leartes in Ophelias grave. Also the things which he claimed to have done on the ship bound for England goes to show his sanity, and lastly his encounter with Leartes in Ophelias grave. Upon the revelation of the ghost who is supposedly Hamlets fathers spirit, we witness a marked change in Hamlets disposition both in words and in deeds, one of such can be seen when (in Act 2 scene 1) Ophelia goes to see her father, apparently scared gives him a brief but vivid description of Hamlets disposition when he came to see her. she describes him as having a look so pietous in purport as if he had been loosed out of hell. This shows us a marked change in Hamlets disposition, the statement As if he had been loosed out of hell raises a lot of questions such as, what happened to Hamlet?. Possibly,some spirit or demon may have taken over him thus his appearance as being hellish in nature or it could be that he had lost his wits to hell and thus is not aware of his appearance and we are made to believe that that he appears thus throughout most of the play. Secondly, to further back up the point that hamlet was indeed mad is or can be seen with the encounter he had with his mother in her closet, where he lashes out at her to the extent that he is rude and also armed with such venomous words that frighten his mother. Possibly, he does this out of mere outrage at finding Claudius guilt and unable to take revenge but has to see his mother and thus speaks daggers to her heart and seizes her arm possibly in a fit of madness rather than outrage as it should be noted, the act was not premeditated but rather spontaneous and Getrude in shock screams for help and Polonious who is behind the arras(curtains) screams the same and Hamlet hearing him draws his sword and kills him. And when he finally realizes whom he had killed he shows no remorse whatsoever but rather sees his actions as being justified as he says Thou wretched, rash, intrudig fool, farewell. This action and statement show a completely different personality as in most periods in the book we see Hamlet in a suicidal melancholy but never in a murderous mood as we see him here so thus it would be safe to say that he was probably momentarily taken over by a fit of madness. Also from the begining of the book, we see the tragic hero as being psychologically disturbed by the death of his father and the overhasty marriage of his mother to his uncle Claudius, and to further compound matters his love is rejected by Ophelia on the advice of her father over her true feelings and Hamlets feelings, thus driving him into a state of emotional depression as well as psychological instability as Hamlet now saw himself as loosing both parents as well as a confidant, thus leaving him with no womanly affection whatsoever as he could no longer enjoy the sole monopoly of his mothers affection which had now gone to his uncle (Hamlet is .

Staging the Play A Dolls House

Introduction/Synopsis One of the foremost characteristics of Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House is that its plot appears linearly defined, which in turn, explains the semantic realism of play’s overall sounding. As it is being the case with most of Ibsen’s other plays, throughout A Doll’s House, characters’ existential stances never cease undergoing a qualitative transformation – the manner in which characters position themselves at play’s beginning is being different from the manner in which they position themselves at play’s end.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Staging the Play A Doll’s House specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are good reasons to believe that the realism of this particular play is being reflective of the actual workings of author’s analytical mindset – apparently, Ibsen never ceased being aware of the fact that the extent of play’s realistic sounding reflects the extent of presented characters’ intellectual flexibility, extrapolated in the particulars of how they address life’s challenges. As Kaufmann (1965) put it â€Å"[Ibsen] knows that truth never is a possession, but a constant effort to find the appropriate response to every situation which demands a decision† (22). The legitimacy of such our hypothesis can be explored in relation to play’s synopsis: Nora Helmer is a married woman, who helped her husband Torvald Helmer (bank clerk) once by borrowing a large sum of money from the bank, after forged her dad’s signature. Torvald is completely unaware of the forgery that had taken place. Initially, he is presented as a loving husband, who treats Nora in particularly affectionate manner, even though he also appears to be utterly ignorant of Nora’s basic humanity – throughout the play, Torvald treats her as pretty but soulless d oll. Krogstad is another important character in the play. When being faced with the prospect of losing his job in Torvald’s bank, he threatens to blackmail Nora (because of her forgery) if she does not convince Torvald to refrain from firing him. Eventually, Torvald finds out about Nora’s forgery and becomes enraged over his wife’s presumed infidelity. He ends up accusing Nora of moral depravity, while suggesting that under no circumstances should Nora have considered keeping secrets from him. Torvald’s behavior opens Nora’s eyes to the fact that she has been loyal to an unworthy man, incapable of addressing life’s challenges outside the structure of conventional morality, and for whom the continuous observation of social customs meant so much more then ensuring his wife’s happiness. It begins to dawn upon Nora that, her stay with Torlvald may very well be compared to the stay of a bird in the cage. After having realized it, Nora deci des to leave Torvald, who in her eyes has been downsized from a respectful head of the household to a regular moralistic hypocrite, unable of appreciating Nora in a way she truly deserved. Nora says good-bye to Torlvald and her children and embarks upon the quest to find her long lost sense of identity.Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The proposed choices for play’s production The earlier provided outline of the plot points out what can be considered the foremost indication of play’s dramaturgic uniqueness – the strongly defined dramatics sounding of its themes and motifs. Therefore, it comes as not a particular surprise that the action in A Doll’s House appears spatially limited. As it was pointed out by Jakovljevic (2002): â€Å"Ibsen’s family drama [A Doll’s House] is set within the space of perspectival constraints. T he entire play takes place in this single set that represents the living room in a middle class family flat† (432). What it means is that, while staging A Doll’s House, directors must focus their attention on ensuring the psychological plausibility of themes and motifs, contained in this particular play, as their principal priority. The best way to accomplish this is by exposing the essence of psychological anxieties, experienced by the play’s characters, as such that relate to psychological anxieties, on the part of audience’s members. Within the context of Ibsen play’s staging, ensuring action’s psychological plausibility will not represent much of a challenge. The reason for this is simple – unlike what it is being commonly assumed, A Doll’s House is not solely concerned with exploring the theme of women’s liberation from patriarchal oppression, which could make this play ideologically outdated, but also with exposing what accounts for existentialist incompatibility between husband and wife – subject matter that even today remains utterly relevant. As it was rightly noted by Haugen (1979): â€Å"Ibsen’s Nora is not just a woman arguing for female liberation; she is much more. She embodies the comedy as well as the tragedy of modern life† (vii). In other words, there is a well defined rationale for a modernist staging of A Doll’s House, as such staging that would emphasize the play’s contemporary themes and motifs. One way of ensuring the conceptual relevance of Ibsen’s play for a modern audience is to stage an unconventional production. The following is how four elements of theatre (set, costumes, characterization and audience participation) can reflect a modernist staging of A Doll’s House. Set A Doll’s House, does not leave the boundaries of one single room. This eases up the process of designing the set. Given the minimalistic traditions of modernist theatre, a table and few chairs in the foreground are more than adequate for the set.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Staging the Play A Doll’s House specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After all, the action in this particular Ibsen’s play can be best referred to as essentially verbal, which suggests the lessened importance of an onstage environment, as an additional instrument of ensuring action’s plausibility: â€Å"In a word, A Doll’s House is a play about writing. It is a play about writing with consequences, about words that act and generate action† (Jakovljevic 433). Nevertheless, to make unraveling of the plot more authenticated, the trappings of a middle class home may be utilized as well. By simplifying onstage set to a minimum, the director will be able to â€Å"kill two rabbits with one shot†: to modernize the play’s action in the eye s of the audience, and to emphasize the sheer extent of play action’s drama. Costumes The dramaturgic value of A Doll’s House is Ibsen’s ability to expose characters’ psychological anxieties, rather than his talent in authenticating the realities of 19th century’s Norwegian living. Therefore, a modern production should dress actors in contemporary or ‘minimalist’ costumes. It will provide an additional stimulus for the audience to focus on play’s themes and motifs if Torvald, Krogstad and Dr. Rank wear black trousers and black golf sweaters. Nora and Mrs. Linde can wear black shirts and matching tight skirts. In its turn, this will substantially increase the extent of production’s intellectual appeal. The suggestion, in this respect, correlates with the point, made in Cima’s (1983) article: â€Å"The director might choose to present A Doll’s House so that the action is ‘to discover oneself’ (a ‘feminist’ approach), or he might focus on the action ‘to play the game† (15). By having actors dressed in minimalist costumes, the director will prompt them to be more focused on ‘playing the game’, as opposed to be concerned with maintaining the spirit of historicity. The utilization of ‘minimalist’ costumes in production of A Doll’s House is the pathway towards ensuring production’s modernist sounding. Characterization As mentioned earlier, with the possible exception of Torvald, the characters in Ibsen’s play are represented in the state of undergoing a constant intellectual transition. For example, the manner in which Nora reacts to life’s challenges in Act One is qualitatively different from the way she reacts to these challenges in Act Three.Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What it means is that, while striving to ensure the genuineness of actors’ onstage performance, the director will have to look into creating objective preconditions for actors’ interaction to serve the purpose of revealing developmental aspects of played characters’ psychological makeup: â€Å"With the advent of Ibsen’s plays†¦ a revised category of gestures became necessary: the autistic gesture, or subtle visual sign of the character’s soliloquy with himself† (Cima 22). This can be achieved with the means of encouraging actors to perform in essentially spontaneous manner, while going as far as even indulging in verbal interaction with the audience, if thought contextually appropriate. Audience participation The success of using a modernist approach to theatrical productions depends of turning viewers into active participants, often despite their desire to remain passive. Encouraging actors to improvise thought-provoking remarks, even if these remarks have nothing to do with play’s actual script, can do this. Within the framework of A Doll’s House modernist staging, actors were prompted to expose parallels between Torvald’s behavioral superficiality and the behavioral superficiality of many of today’s overly effeminate men, who despite their willingness to ‘act responsibly’, exhibit a number of psychological weakness in their daily lives. For example, while coming up with his moralistic speeches, Torvald may very well refer to political correctness, as the source of conventional morality, which will undoubtedly trigger strong emotional reactions in the audience. Whyman’s production of the play/Conclusion The legitimacy of an earlier outlined production proposal can be explored in relation to Gardner’s online article, where she elaborates on the particulars of Erica Whyman’s staging of A Doll’s House. According to Gardner (2008), Whyman had made a deliberate point in representing play’s plot as such that is being unraveled during the course of fifties: â€Å"The 1950s setting works very well; it is a period far enough away in time for the stifling social code of Ibsen’s play not to jar, but modern enough to connect with today† (Guardian). Moreover, as it appears from Gardner’s article, Whyman considered it fully appropriate altering the semantic subtleties of play’s characterization: â€Å"Well-meaning but misguided Torvold is no villain; indeed, initially it is the beautiful Nora – a self-conscious spoiled child – who is the least appealing of the protagonists† (Guardian). Apparently, Whyman had no reservations about modernizing the, which contributed immensely to production’s success with the audience. It is understood, of course, that the manner in which Whyman had gone about staging Ibsen’s play, points out to the fact that it would indeed be appropri ate, on director’s part, to utilize modernist approach in designing the theatrical production of A Doll’s House – just as it was initially hypothesized in the paper. References Cima, Gibson Gay â€Å"Discovering Signs: The Emergence of the Critical Actor in Ibsen.† Theatre Journal 35.1 (1983): 5-22. Print. DiYanni, Robert. Literature: Approaches to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. 2nd  edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Humanities. Print. Gardner, Lyn â€Å"A Doll’s House.† 28 Apr. 2008. Guardian.Co.Uk. 24 Apr. 2011. https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2008/apr/28/theatre1 Haugen, Einar. Ibsen’s Drama: Author to Audience. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1979. Print. Jakovljevic, Branislav â€Å"Shattered Back Wall: Performative Utterance of A Doll’s  House.† Theatre Journal 54.3 (2002): 431-448. Print. Kaufmann, F.W. â€Å"Ibsen’s Conception of Truth.† Ibsen: A Collection of Critical  Essays. Ed. Rol f Fjelde. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. 1965. 17-30. Print. Appendices Erica Whyman’s fifties-styled production of A Doll’s House. This research paper on Staging the Play A Doll’s House was written and submitted by user Amelie Mccarthy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write an Argumentative Essay

How to Write an Argumentative EssayGrade argumentative essay samples are widely available. These workbooks and resource materials are designed to serve as proofreading and editing resources. The purpose of this type of essay is to clearly express a student's points of view using key examples and direct speaking.The essay sample must first be created in a word processing program such as Microsoft Word. The writer will then be asked to perform a range of editing tasks to turn the written sample into a usable essay. Most importantly, the writer should then revise and edit the essays for clarity and to provide students with meaningful and effective learning experiences. In addition, it is also important to look for Grade Argumentative Essay samples that contain multiple-choice questions as well as text-matching.The objective of the essay writing activity is to express one's own views, insights, and opinions. Students may do this either by reading other viewpoints. Regardless of the type of essay they choose, they should choose a topic that they will relate to. Some topics include language usage, cultural references, sociology, social studies, politics, economics, and world issues. Students should consider choosing a topic that best fits their learning style, which will facilitate their learning.It is possible to create a Grade Argumentative Essay from an existing essay. Students may choose to rework their essay to fit the requirements of the Grade Argumentative Essay example. Furthermore, they can also find pre-formatted Word documents on the Internet that can be easily modified to suit their needs. Students can select the templates they want in order to fulfill the requirements of their essay. Additionally, these templates are very useful in order to quickly create an essay that is quality-controlled and formatted in a timely manner.Students will have plenty of opportunities to rework their essay once they have completed it. In addition, it is also important to le arn about Grade Argumentative Essay sample formats and writing styles so that the students will be able to effectively express their ideas using short statements and simple sentences. Furthermore, they can use these essays as a learning tool by applying their own skills to improve their academic performance.The purpose of Grade Argumentative Essay sample is to provide students with powerful examples that they can use in writing their own essays. The writer should write about specific examples of social behaviors and their consequences. Students should focus on examples that are relevant to the essay topic. For example, if a student is writing about anti-Semitic policies in the United States, he or she should not rely solely on examples about Jewish people. Instead, he or she should compare the policies of the United States to other countries.One of the most challenging tasks for students to undertake in the Grade Argumentative Essay sample is that of writing a convincing conclusion. When writing the conclusion, the writer should make a clear and concise statement, supporting his or her position using evidence. Before writing the conclusion, students should remember that it is imperative to place in context. The reason for this is that a student's written statement must match the thesis statement that he or she has already presented. Students can further enhance their writing skills by practicing making connections between two or more different examples in the beginning and end of the essay.Of course, any essay should be enjoyed by both the writer and the reader. Thus, it is important to be sensitive in the way the writer writes. Furthermore, it is also important to take note of what makes an essay successful. Grade Argumentative Essay sample writers should also be aware of the various qualities that are required in essay writing.